Volume 70 Issue 10
May. 2021
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Yu Hai, Zhang Ting-Long, Chen Yang, Lü Wei-Tao, Zhao Xiao-Ping, Chen Jie. Vertical electrical field during decay stage of local thunderstorm near coastline in tropical island[J]. JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 2021, 70(10): 109201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201634
Citation: Yu Hai, Zhang Ting-Long, Chen Yang, Lü Wei-Tao, Zhao Xiao-Ping, Chen Jie. Vertical electrical field during decay stage of local thunderstorm near coastline in tropical island[J]. JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 2021, 70(10): 109201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201634

Vertical electrical field during decay stage of local thunderstorm near coastline in tropical island

doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201634
More Information
  • Corresponding author: Zhang Ting-Long, E-mail: 55962271@qq.com
  • Received Date: 02 Oct 2020
  • Rev Recd Date: 26 Nov 2020
  • Publish Date: 27 May 2021
  • In order to directly observe the electric field characteristics and study the charge structure in thunderstorms occurring in tropical regions, a balloon-borne strong electric field sounding is used to measure the vertical component of the electric field, temperature within the cloud and real-time location information of the sounding. Based on the principle of corona discharge, two 1-m-long metal probes are used as the sensors to detect the vertical electric field. In the summer of 2019, a result of electric field sounding within a local thunderstorm was obtained in the northeastern coastal area of Hainan Island, China. With the combination of an S-band weather radar, atmospheric electric field instrument and lightning locating network, the charge structure of the thunderstorm is analyzed in detail. The results show that the thunderstorm is a small-scaled local thunderstorm occurring in the afternoon, the sounding starting to be observed at the decay stage of the thunderstorm. In this period, lightning activities is rare, and the variation of ground electric field is similar to that of conventional summer thunderstorms. The whole sounding process lasts 34 min, during which the vertical airflow in the cloud is relatively stable, basically keeping 4–6 m/s. It can be seen from the electric field profile that the charge distribution in the thunderstorm cloud shows a complex charge structure which is composed of six charge regions. A negative charge region is lowermost, and above this the polarity alternates successively from bottom to up, where all charge regions are located above the melting-layer. Due to data interruption, it is impossible to accurately judge the upper boundary of the upper negative charge region and the information about the positive charge region above. The remaining charge regions are located in an altitude range of 6.0–6.3 km, 6.3–6.6 km, 6.9–7.3 km and 7.3–8.3 km, respectively. The charge densities in these four regions are –1.84 nC/m3, 1.80 nC/m3, –1.46 nC/m 3, and 1.04 nC/m3, respectively. According to the existing data, the charge density of the uppermost negative charge area should be greater than –0.51 nC/m 3. Moreover, the upper positive charge region (the fourth from bottom up) has the largest strength, followed by the negative charge region above it, both of which are more than 1 km in thickness. The electric field intensities in the other charge regions are relatively small. The pairs of positive and negative charge regions at the bottom are slightly different in strength and thickness.

     

  • loading
  • [1]
    Maccready P B, Proudfit A 1965 Q. J. R. Meteorolog. Soc. 91 44 doi: 10.1002/qj.49709138707
    [2]
    Marshall T C, Rust W D 1991 J. Geophys. Res. 96 22297 doi: 10.1029/91JD02486
    [3]
    Marshall T C, Rust W D 1993 Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 74 2159 doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<2159:TTOVES>2.0.CO;2
    [4]
    Marshall T C, Rust W D, Stolzenburg M 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100 1001 doi: 10.1029/94JD02607
    [5]
    Bateman M G, Marshall T C, Stolzenburg M, Rust W D 1999 J. Geophys. Res. 104 9643 doi: 10.1029/1998JD200118
    [6]
    Zhang T L, Zhao Z K, Zhao Y, Wei C X, Yu H, Zhou F C 2015 Atmos. Res. 164-165 188 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.05.008
    [7]
    Zhang T L, Yu H, Zhou F C, Chen J, Zhang M H 2018 Ann. Geophys. 36 979 doi: 10.5194/angeo-36-979-2018
    [8]
    张廷龙, 余海, 王军, 张茂华, 周方聪, 陈洁 2019 地球物理学报 62 1591 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019M0083

    Zhang T L, Yu H, Wang J, Zhang M H, Zhou F C, Chen J 2019 Chin. J. Geophys. 62 1591 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019M0083
    [9]
    刘冬霞, 郄秀书, 王志超, 吴学柯, 潘伦湘 2013 物理学报 62 219201 doi: 10.7498/aps.62.219201

    Liu D X, Qie X S, Wang Z C, Wu X K, Pan L X 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 219201 doi: 10.7498/aps.62.219201
    [10]
    Qie X S, Zhang T L, Chen C P, Zhang G S, Zhang T, Wei W Z 2005 Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 L05814 doi: 10.1029/2004GL022162
    [11]
    Qie X, Kong X, Zhang G, Zhang T, Yuan T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Sun A 2005 Atmos. Res. 76 231 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.11.034
    [12]
    赵阳, 张义军, 董万盛, 张鸿发, 陈成品, 张彤 2004 地球物理学报 47 405 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2004.03.006

    Zhao Y, Zhang Y J, Dong W S, Zhang H F, Chen C P, Zhang T 2004 Chin. J. Geophys. 47 405 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2004.03.006
    [13]
    Zhagn Y J, Dong W S, Zhao Y, Zhang G S, Zhang H F, Chen C P, Zhang T 2004 Sci. China, Ser. D Earth Sci. 47 108 doi: 10.1007/BF02880986
    [14]
    Zhang Y J, Meng Q, Lu W T, Paul K, Liu X S, Zhou X J 2006 Chin. Sci. Bull. 51 198 doi: 10.1007/s11434-005-0233-7
    [15]
    Cui H, Qie X, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Zhang G, Yang J 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 425 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.06.007
    [16]
    Zhang T L, Qie X S, Yuan T, Zhang G S, Zhang T, Zhao Y 2009 Atmos. Res. 92 475 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.01.020
    [17]
    Zhao Z K, Qie X S, Zhang T L, Zhang T, Zhang H F, Wang Y, She Y, Sun B L, Wang H B 2009 Chin. Sci Bull. 55 872 doi: 10.1007/s11434-009-0471-1
    [18]
    李亚珺, 张广庶, 文军, 王彦辉, 张彤, 范祥鹏, 武斌 2012 地球物理学报 55 3203 doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.10.003

    Li Y J, Zhang G S, Wen J, Wang Y H, Zhang T, Fan X P, Wu B 2012 Chin. J. Geophys. 55 3203 doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.10.003
    [19]
    Li Y J, Zhang G S, Wen J, Wang D H, Wang Y H, Zhang T, Fan X P, Wu B 2013 Atmos. Res. 134 137 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.07.020
    [20]
    Takahashi T 1978 J. Atmos. Sci. 35 1536 doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1978)035<1536:REAACG>2.0.CO;2
    [21]
    Saunders C P R, Keith W D, MIitzeva R P 1991 J. Geophys. Res. 96 11007 doi: 10.1029/91JD00970
    [22]
    Saunders C P R, Peck S L 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 13949 doi: 10.1029/97JD02644
    [23]
    Mansell E R, MacGorman D R, Ziegler G L, Straka J M 2005 J. Geophys. Res. 110 D12101 doi: 10.1029/2004JD005287
    [24]
    Winn W P, Moore C B, Holmes C R 1981 J. Geophys. Res. 86 1187 doi: 10.1029/JC086iC02p01187
    [25]
    Marshall T C, Winn W P 1982 J. Geophys. Res. 87 7141 doi: 10.1029/JC087iC09p07141
    [26]
    Marshall T C, Stolzenburg M 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 19769 doi: 10.1029/98JD01674
    [27]
    Bateman M G, Rust W D, Smull B F, Marshall T C 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100 16341 doi: 10.1029/95JD01280
    [28]
    Bruning E C, Rust W D, Schuur T J, MacGorman D R, Krehbiel P R, Rison W 2007 Mon. Wea. Rev. 135 2525 doi: 10.1175/MWR3421.1
    [29]
    Jayaratne E R, Saunders C P R, Hallett J 1983 Q. J. R. Meteorolog. Soc. 109 609 doi: 10.1002/qj.49710946111
    [30]
    Hou T J, Lei H C, Hu Z X 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 281 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.04.009
    [31]
    Liu D X, Qie X S, Peng L, Li W L 2014 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 31 1022 doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3078-7
    [32]
    李万莉, 刘冬霞, 郄秀书, 傅慎明, 段树, 陈羿辰 2012 物理学报 61 059202 doi: 10.7498/aps.61.059202

    Li W L, Liu D X, Qie X S, Fu S M, Duan S, Chen Y C 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 059202 doi: 10.7498/aps.61.059202
    [33]
    李江林, 余晔, 李万莉, 李亚珺 2019 地球物理学报 62 2366 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019L0801

    Li J L, Yu Y, Li W L, Li Y J 2019 Chin. J. Geophys. 62 2366 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019L0801
    [34]
    Rust W D, Marshall T C 1996 J. Geophys. Res. 101 23499 doi: 10.1029/96JD01802
    [35]
    Stolzenburg M, Rust W D, Smull B F, Marshall T C 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 14059 doi: 10.1029/97JD03546
    [36]
    Stolzenburg M, Rust W D, Marshall T C 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 14079 doi: 10.1029/97JD03547
    [37]
    Stolzenburg M, Rust W D, Marshall T C 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 14097 doi: 10.1029/97JD03545
    [38]
    张义军, 徐良韬, 郑栋, 王飞 2014 应用气象学报 25 513 doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20140501

    Zhang Y J, Xu L T, Zheng D, Wang F 2014 J. Appl. Meteor. Sci. 25 513 doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20140501
    [39]
    Tessendorf S A, Wiens K C, Rutledge S A 2007 Mon. Wea. Rev. 135 3665 doi: 10.1175/2006MWR1953.1
    [40]
    Tessendorf S A, Rutledge S A, Wiens K C 2007 Mon. Wea. Rev. 135 3682 doi: 10.1175/2007MWR1954.1
    [41]
    Bruning E C, Rust W D, MacGorman D R, Biggerstaff M I, Schuur T J 2010 Mon. Wea. Rev. 138 3740 doi: 10.1175/2010MWR3160.1
    [42]
    Bruning E C, Weiss S A, Calhoun K M 2014 Atmos. Res. 135-136 274 doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.10.009
    [43]
    Fuchs B R, Rutledge S A, Bruning E C, et al. 2015 J. Geophys. Res. 120 6575 doi: 10.1002/2015JD023271
    [44]
    Qie X S, Zhang Y J 2019 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 36 994 doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-8195-x
    [45]
    Takahashi T, Tajiri T, Sonol Y 1999 J. Atmos. Sci. 56 1561 doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<1561:COGASC>2.0.CO;2
    [46]
    Suzuki T, Matsudo Y, Asano T, Hayakawa M, Michimoto K 2011 J. Geophys. Res. 116 D06205 doi: 10.1029/2009JD013358
    [47]
    Takahashi T, Isono K 1967 Tellus 19 420 doi: 10.3402/tellusa.v19i3.9811
    [48]
    Takahashi T 1975 J. Atmos. Sci. 32 123 doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<0123:ECLCIW>2.0.CO;2
    [49]
    Takahashi T 1978 Mon. Wea. Rev. 106 1598 doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1978)106<1598:EPOOTC>2.0.CO;2
    [50]
    Takahashi T, Keenan T D 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D16208 doi: 10.1029/2004JD004667
    [51]
    Mohanty M, Kumar P P 2004 Indian J. Radio. Space. Phys. 33 310 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/25756
    [52]
    Falade J A, Adesanya S O 2015 Adv. Phys. Theor. Appl. 44 72 https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/APTA/article/view/23034
    [53]
    Falade J A, Adesanya S O 2015 Adv. Phys. Theor. Appl. 44 107 https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/APTA/article/view/23038
    [54]
    余海, 张廷龙, 高燚, 劳小青, 韦昌雄, 范祥鹏 2016 中国科学院大学学报 33 195 doi: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2016.02.008

    Yu H, Zhang T L, Gao Y, Lao X Q, Wei C X, Fan X P 2016 Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 33 195 doi: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2016.02.008
    [55]
    赵中阔, 郄秀书, 张广庶, 张廷龙, 张彤, 郭凤霞, 窦志强 2008 高原气象 27 881 http://www.gyqx.ac.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=3939

    Zhao Z K, Qie X S, Zhang G S, Zhang T L, Zhang T, Guo F X, Dou Z Q 2008 Plateau. Meteor. 27 881 http://www.gyqx.ac.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=3939
    [56]
    冯桂力, 郄秀书, 吴书君 2008 大气科学 32 289 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.02.08

    Feng G L, Qie X S, Wu S J 2008 Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 32 289 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.02.08
    [57]
    Zhang T L, Zhao G, Wei C X, Gao Y, Yu H, Zhou F C 2017 J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 154 226 doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.11.007
    [58]
    肖艳娇, 刘黎平 2006 气象学报 64 647 doi: 10.11676/qxxb2006.063

    Xiao Y J, Liu L P 2006 Acta Meteor. Sin. 64 647 doi: 10.11676/qxxb2006.063
    [59]
    Stolzenburg M, marshall T C 1994 J. Geophys. Res. 99 25921 doi: 10.1029/94JD02332
    [60]
    Marshall T C, Stolzenburg M, Krehbiel P R, Lund N R, Maggio C R 2009 J. Geophys. Res. 114 D02209 doi: 10.1029/2008JD010637
  • 加载中

Catalog

    Figures(8)

    Article Metrics

    Article views(262) PDF downloads(1) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return