Application problems of liquid crystal phase modulators to high power lasers
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摘要: 液晶相位调控器件在聚变点火、激光加工、光电对抗、激光雷达、激光通讯、激光防护等高功率激光领域有着非常广泛的应用及应用前景。但受限于构成器件材料自身抗激光损伤能力的限制以及缺乏对高功率激光辐照下液晶相位调控器件相位调控性能退化及损伤特性的系统研究，目前液晶相位调控器件的激光耐受力还难以满足高功率激光系统的应用和发展需求。为指导高激光耐受力液晶相位调控器件的制备工艺优化，对液晶相位调控器件在高峰值和高平均功率激光应用下出现的损伤现象以及性能退化进行了综述，最后对液晶相位调控器件激光耐受力提升方法做了总结和归纳。Abstract: The liquid crystal phase modulators (LCPMs) have applications and prospects in fusion ignition, laser processing, optoelectronic countermeasure, laser radar, laser communication, laser protection and so on. However, owing to the limited laser damage resistance of the materials constituting the LCPMs as well as insufficient system research on the laser damage and the phase modulation performance degradation of LCPMs induced by high power lasers, the laser handling power of LCPMs cannot satisfy the requirements of high power laser developments. To provide guidance for optimizing the fabrication process of LCPMs with high laser handling power, we reviewed the laser damage and the phase modulation performance degradation characteristics of LCPMs irradiated by high-peak-power lasers and high-average-power-lasers and then summarized the methods to improve the laser handling power of LCPMs.
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图 1 阈值附近ITO的典型损伤形貌，其中（b），（c）（d）分别对应（a）中1，2，3所示的方框位置
Figure 1. Typical damage morphology of ITO/glass at a lower fluence (near the LIDT). (b), (c), and (d) show local magnified views of micro-areas outlined by the rectangles 1, 2, and 3 in (a), respectively
图 2 ITO薄膜在100%损伤几率能流下的典型损伤形貌及损伤深度
Figure 2. Typical damage morphology and depth profile of the ITO/glass sample at a higher fluence (near 100% damage probability)
图 4 高峰值功率激光辐照下，ITO和PI薄膜的温度场分布
Figure 4. Temperature distribution of the irradiated center in the samples. The dashed lines represent the vaporization temperature of the ITO film
图 6 连续激光辐照功率141 W/cm2 下降到133 W/cm2的过程中，偏光显微镜下观察到器件内部液晶材状态的变化[35]
Figure 6. Morphologies observed by the polarized light microscope for decrease in the laser power density from 141 W/cm2 to 133 W/cm2
图 8 不同功率密度激光辐照下的损伤形貌
Figure 8. Damage morphologies induced by different power densities
图 9 3 000 W/cm2 激光辐照下，30 s内ITO/PI样品的纵向温度变化
Figure 9. Vertical temperature distribution in first 30 s under 3 000 W/cm2 laser irradiation
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