北京地区多层含水层中施工降水诱发地面沉降的实时预测

王军辉; 陶连金; 韩煊; 周宏磊

doi:10.11936/bjutxb2016070046

北京地区多层含水层中施工降水诱发地面沉降的实时预测

doi: 10.11936/bjutxb2016070046

1.
北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京 100124
2.
北京市勘察设计研究院有限公司, 北京 100038

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41572276,41272337)；北京市自然科学基金资助项目(140004)；北京市科技计划资助项目(Z161100001216011)

详细信息

作者简介:
作者简介: 王军辉(1973—), 男, 教授级高级工程师, 主要从事水文地质与工程地质方面的研究,E-mail:wjh1223@sina.com

中图分类号: TU42;TU46
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-07-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-13
- 刊出日期: 2017-02-01

Real Time Prediction of Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Lowering in Construction Through Multi-layered Aquifer in Beijing Area

1.
College of Architecture and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2.
BGI Engineering Consultants Ltd., Beijing 100038, China

摘要

摘要: 施工降水诱发地面沉降是当前主要岩土工程风险之一,对于以多层含水层为典型水文地质特征的北京地区,这类问题尤为突出. 为准确而便捷地进行该类问题预测,首先基于渗流理论和有效应力原理,分析了多层含水层区降水过程中不同层位的压缩量变化规律及主要影响因素,并建立了相应的渗流-压缩耦合数学模型;根据地下水赋存与运动原理,结合北京地区水文地质特征,提出了采用主控含水层来确定耦合模型下边界的新方法,实现了渗流和地层压缩2个物理力学过程在特定地质条件下的耦合,在保证模型科学性和工程精度的同时,降低了实际分析工作的难度,提高了分析模型的实用性;在弱透水层释水率这一重要模型参数取值方面,根据地下水动力学和相关实测资料,研究了既有计算公式存在的误差及其主要原因,并结合北京地方经验,提出了相应的修正方法,进一步提高了模型分析精度. 最后,以北京地区某实际工程为例,进行了多层含水层中降水诱发地面沉降的精细模拟,并对数值结果合理性进行了分析.
- 多层含水层 /
- 施工降水 /
- 地面沉降 /
- 弱透水层 /
- 释水率
Abstract: Subsidence induced by groundwater lowering in construction is one of the major risks in the geotechnical engineering currently, which is particularly prominent in Beijing area, whose hydrogeology is characteristized by multi-layered aquifers.In order to predict the problems accurately and conveniently,firstly, based on seepage theory and effective stress principle, the main influencing factors on the compaction of individual layers during groundwater lowering in construction through multi-layered aquifer were analyzed, and the corresponding coupled mathematical model of seepage and compression of subsidence was established. According to the principle of groundwater occurrence and movement, combined with the hydrogeological characteristics of Beijing area, a novel method to determine the bottom boundary of coupled model with major aquifer was proposed, which made the two physical & mechanical processes of seepage and compression coupled under the specific geological conditions, ensured that the that model was scientific and had engineering precision, reduced the difficulty of the actual work of analysis, and improved the practicability of the model analysis. In the aspect of specific storage value of interbed,which was an key paramerter in the model,with hydraulics of groundwater and measured data,the error and its main reason of existing calculation formula was studied, and was combined with the local experience in Beijing area. The correction formula for the specific storage of interbed was introduced, which improved the accuracy of model analysis. Finally, taking a practical project in Beijing area as an example, the detailed simulation of subsidence induced by groundwater lowering in construction through multi-layered aquifer was carried out, and the rationality of the numerical results was analyzed.
- multi-layered aquifer /
- groundwater lowering in construction /
- subsidence /
- interbed /
- specific storage
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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图 1 多层含水层降水诱发地面沉降的概念模型(以弱透水层双面排水为例)

Figure 1. Conceptual model of subsidence induced by groundwater lowering in construction through multi-layered aquifer (a case that the interbed is drained to double side)

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图 2 多层含水层区的主控含水层概念图(以承压水为例)

Figure 2. Concept profile of the main aquifer in the area of multi-layered aquifer (taking the confined water as an example)

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图 3 利用黏性土压缩系数计算的释水率(以北京CBD某处40m深度土样为例)

Figure 3. Specific storage calculated by the compression coefficient of clayed soil (taking soil samples 40m below Beijing CBD as an example)

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图 4 基坑与地层、地下水分布相对位置的剖面示意图(水头对应时间为2014年3月)

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the relative position of pit and the distribution stratum and groundwater (the time of water level corresponds to March, 2014)

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图 5 地下水控制方案示意图

Figure 5. Schematic map of the groundwater control scheme

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图 6 有限差分网格剖分情况示意图

Figure 6. Sketch of finite difference mesh

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图 7 降水过程中基坑中心处各层地下水位变化规律

Figure 7. Changes of groundwater level of each aquifer at the center of pit virus time during dewatering

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图 8 降水稳定后潜水、层间水和潜水-承压水沿A-A'剖面水头分布图

Figure 8. Hydraulic level distribution of phreatic water,interlayered water and phreatic-confined water along A-A' profile after seepage field induced by dewatering is steady

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图 9 降水过程中基坑中心O处各层土压缩量随时间变化图

Figure 9. Changes of compression of each layers at the center of the pit virus time during dewatering

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图 10 降水180d后第1~6层土压缩量沿A-A'剖面分布

Figure 10. Compaction distribution of No.1~No.6 layer along A-A' Profile 180d after dewatering

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图 11 降水180d后基坑附近地面沉降量等值线图

Figure 11. Contour of the subsidence around the pit 180d after dewatering

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表 1 模型参数取值一览表

Table 1. Table of values of model parameters

概化后的地层编号	K/(m·d^-1)	μ_s/m^-1	μ'_s/m^-1
1	30.000	0.0002	0.00020
2	0.010	0.0033^*	0.00010
3	25.000	0.0001	0.00001
4	0.005	0.0028^*	0.00093
5	25.000	0.0001	0.00010
6	0.001	0.0022^*	0.00073
*为根据土工试验指标利用式(6)计算的弱透水层释水率.

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