Influence of rear rotor diameter on aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of counter⁃rotating proeller
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摘要:
基于非线性谐波法和声类比模型,研究了不同后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律。首先,利用单排螺旋桨风洞试验结果验证了数值计算方法的可靠性。随后,以某型对转螺旋桨为研究对象,研究了6种具有不同后排转子直径的对转螺旋桨模型。研究发现,对转螺旋桨后排转子直径“裁剪”会降低后排螺旋桨的拉力系数和功率系数,但对效率的影响不明显。随着后排转子直径的减小,前排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声几乎没有变化,但高阶噪声变化幅度较大。后排转子减小0.25倍直径,后排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声降低约为9 dB。后排转子直径“裁剪”不仅可以降低后排转子噪声,在一定程度上也可以降低前排转子的噪声。通过叶片“裁剪”,对转螺旋桨气动噪声降低5~6 dB。对转螺旋桨后排转子直径的减小,减弱了对转螺旋桨叶尖涡干涉和尾迹干涉,并减弱了前后排桨叶的势流场干涉,进而降低了对转螺旋桨的噪声辐射。 Abstract: Based on the nonlinear harmonic method and the acoustic analogy model,the influence of different rear rotor diameters on the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the counter⁃rotating propeller was studied.First,the reliability of the numerical calculation method was verified by the wind tunnel test results of a single propeller.Subsequently,six counter⁃rotating propeller models with different rear rotor diameters were studied for a counter⁃rotating propeller.It was found that the clipping of the diameter of the rear rotor of the counter⁃rotating propeller could reduce the pull coefficient and power coefficient of the rear propeller,but the effect on the efficiency was not obvious.As the diameter of the rear rotor decreased,the noise of the front rotor at the blade passing frequency changed little,but the higher order noise changed more.When the diameter of the rear rotor was reduced by 0.25 times of the diameter,the noise of the blade passing frequency of the rear rotor was reduced by about 9 dB.The clipping of the diameter of the rear rotor can not only reduce the noise of the rear rotor,but also reduce the noise of the front rotor to a certain extent.By clipping the blades,the aerodynamic noise of the counter⁃rotating propeller was reduced by 5~6 dB.The reduction of the diameter of the rear rotor weakened the tip vortex interference and wake interference of the counter⁃rotating propeller,and also mitigated the potential flow field interference between the front and rear blades,which in turn reduced the noise radiation of the counter⁃rotating propeller.-
Key words:
- counter⁃rotating propeller /
- rotor diameter /
- nonlinear harmonic method /
- tip vortex /
- interaction noise
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表1 原始对转螺旋桨参数
表1. Parameters of origin counter⁃rotating propeller
参数 数值 前排转子 后排转子 叶片数 6 6 转速/(r/min) 1 075 -1 075 直径/m 3.95 3.95 表2 气动力计算的网格无关性验证
表2. Mesh independence verification for aerodynamic performance calculation
网格数 前排推力/N 后排推力/N 前排误差/% 后排误差/% 600万 -558.78 -618.00 0.15 1.44 1 000万 -559.56 -625.80 0.11 0.19 1 300万 -559.62 -627.00 2 000万 -558.30 -627.60 0.23 0.10 表3 气动力结果分析对比
表3. Analysis and comparison of aerodynamic results
工况 前排扭矩/(N·m) 后排扭矩/(N·m) 前排推力/N 后排推力/N Aft_D -72.54 85.02 -559.62 -627.00 Aft_0.75D_40° -71.88 101.40 -552.24 -626.40 -
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