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后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动和声学特性的影响

崔盼望 仝帆 冯和英 陈正武 王大庆

崔盼望,仝帆,冯和英,等.后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动和声学特性的影响[J].航空动力学报,2022,37(8):1749‑1760. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220179
引用本文: 崔盼望,仝帆,冯和英,等.后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动和声学特性的影响[J].航空动力学报,2022,37(8):1749‑1760. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220179
CUI Panwang,TONG Fan,FENG Heying,et al.Influence of rear rotor diameter on aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of counter⁃rotating proeller[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2022,37(8):1749‑1760. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220179
Citation: CUI Panwang,TONG Fan,FENG Heying,et al.Influence of rear rotor diameter on aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of counter⁃rotating proeller[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2022,37(8):1749‑1760. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220179

后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动和声学特性的影响

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220179
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 12102451

湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金 20B226

详细信息
    作者简介:

    崔盼望(1996-),男,硕士生,主要从事叶轮机械气动噪声控制研究。

    通讯作者:

    仝帆(1990-),男,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为叶轮机械气动声学、仿生降噪技术。E⁃mail:tongfan@cardc.cn

  • 中图分类号: V211.3

Influence of rear rotor diameter on aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of counter⁃rotating proeller

  • 摘要: 基于非线性谐波法和声类比模型,研究了不同后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律。首先,利用单排螺旋桨风洞试验结果验证了数值计算方法的可靠性。随后,以某型对转螺旋桨为研究对象,研究了6种具有不同后排转子直径的对转螺旋桨模型。研究发现,对转螺旋桨后排转子直径“裁剪”会降低后排螺旋桨的拉力系数和功率系数,但对效率的影响不明显。随着后排转子直径的减小,前排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声几乎没有变化,但高阶噪声变化幅度较大。后排转子减小0.25倍直径,后排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声降低约为9 dB。后排转子直径“裁剪”不仅可以降低后排转子噪声,在一定程度上也可以降低前排转子的噪声。通过叶片“裁剪”,对转螺旋桨气动噪声降低5~6 dB。对转螺旋桨后排转子直径的减小,减弱了对转螺旋桨叶尖涡干涉和尾迹干涉,并减弱了前后排桨叶的势流场干涉,进而降低了对转螺旋桨的噪声辐射。

     

    基于非线性谐波法和声类比模型,研究了不同后排转子直径对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律。首先,利用单排螺旋桨风洞试验结果验证了数值计算方法的可靠性。随后,以某型对转螺旋桨为研究对象,研究了6种具有不同后排转子直径的对转螺旋桨模型。研究发现,对转螺旋桨后排转子直径“裁剪”会降低后排螺旋桨的拉力系数和功率系数,但对效率的影响不明显。随着后排转子直径的减小,前排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声几乎没有变化,但高阶噪声变化幅度较大。后排转子减小0.25倍直径,后排转子的叶片通过频率下的噪声降低约为9 dB。后排转子直径“裁剪”不仅可以降低后排转子噪声,在一定程度上也可以降低前排转子的噪声。通过叶片“裁剪”,对转螺旋桨气动噪声降低5~6 dB。对转螺旋桨后排转子直径的减小,减弱了对转螺旋桨叶尖涡干涉和尾迹干涉,并减弱了前后排桨叶的势流场干涉,进而降低了对转螺旋桨的噪声辐射。Based on the nonlinear harmonic method and the acoustic analogy model,the influence of different rear rotor diameters on the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the counter⁃rotating propeller was studied.First,the reliability of the numerical calculation method was verified by the wind tunnel test results of a single propeller.Subsequently,six counter⁃rotating propeller models with different rear rotor diameters were studied for a counter⁃rotating propeller.It was found that the clipping of the diameter of the rear rotor of the counter⁃rotating propeller could reduce the pull coefficient and power coefficient of the rear propeller,but the effect on the efficiency was not obvious.As the diameter of the rear rotor decreased,the noise of the front rotor at the blade passing frequency changed little,but the higher order noise changed more.When the diameter of the rear rotor was reduced by 0.25 times of the diameter,the noise of the blade passing frequency of the rear rotor was reduced by about 9 dB.The clipping of the diameter of the rear rotor can not only reduce the noise of the rear rotor,but also reduce the noise of the front rotor to a certain extent.By clipping the blades,the aerodynamic noise of the counter⁃rotating propeller was reduced by 5~6 dB.The reduction of the diameter of the rear rotor weakened the tip vortex interference and wake interference of the counter⁃rotating propeller,and also mitigated the potential flow field interference between the front and rear blades,which in turn reduced the noise radiation of the counter⁃rotating propeller.
  • 原始对转螺旋桨布局

    1.  Layout of original counter⁃rotating propeller

    后排转子直径示意图

    2.  Sketch of diameter of rear rotor

    基准对转螺旋桨气动性能

    6.  Aerodynamic performance of baseline counter⁃rotating propeller

    不同后排转子直径下前排转子的气动性能

    7.  Aerodynamic performance of front rotor under different rear rotor diameters

    不同后排转子直径下后排转子的气动性能

    8.  Aerodynamic performance of rear rotor under different rear rotor diameters

    不同后排转子直径下对转螺旋桨的气动性能

    9.  Aerodynamic performance of counter⁃rotating propeller under different rear rotor diameters

    10  不同后排转子直径下的对转螺旋桨叶尖涡干涉对比

    10.  Comparison of tip vortex interference of counter⁃rotating propeller under different rear rotor diameters

    11  不同后排转子直径下对转螺旋桨纵向截面涡量分布对比

    11.  Comparison of vorticity distribution in longitudinal section of counter⁃rotating propeller under different rear rotor diameters

    12  观察点位置

    12.  Observer location

    13  基准对转螺旋桨噪声特性对比

    13.  Comparison of acoustic characteristics of baseline counter⁃rotating propeller

    14  观察点A的前排转子噪声

    14.  Noise at observer A radiated from front rotor

    15  前排转子的总声压级指向性分布

    15.  Directivity distribution of total sound pressure level of front rotor

    16  观察点A的后排转子噪声

    16.  Noise at observer A radiated from rear rotor

    17  后排转子的总声压级指向性分布

    17.  Directivity distribution of total sound pressure level of rear rotor

    18  后排转子压力面1阶谐波压力幅值分布

    18.  Distribution of 1st harmonic pressure amplitude on pressure side of rear rotor

    19  后排转子吸力面1阶谐波压力幅值分布

    19.  Distribution of 1st harmonic pressure amplitude on suction side of rear rotor

    20  对转螺旋桨总声压级指向性分布

    20.  Directivity distribution of overall sound pressure level of counter⁃rotating propeller

    21  对转螺旋桨总声压级指向性分布

    21.  Directivity distribution of overall sound pressure level of counter⁃rotating propeller

    表1  原始对转螺旋桨参数

    表1.   Parameters of origin counter⁃rotating propeller

    参数数值
    前排转子后排转子
    叶片数66
    转速/(r/min)1 075-1 075
    直径/m3.953.95
    下载: 导出CSV

    表2  气动力计算的网格无关性验证

    表2.   Mesh independence verification for aerodynamic performance calculation

    网格数前排推力/N后排推力/N前排误差/%后排误差/%
    600万-558.78-618.000.151.44
    1 000万-559.56-625.800.110.19
    1 300万-559.62-627.00
    2 000万-558.30-627.600.230.10
    下载: 导出CSV

    表3  气动力结果分析对比

    表3.   Analysis and comparison of aerodynamic results

    工况前排扭矩/(N·m)后排扭矩/(N·m)前排推力/N后排推力/N
    Aft_D-72.5485.02-559.62-627.00
    Aft_0.75D_40°-71.88101.40-552.24-626.40
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-03-31
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-09-06
  • 刊出日期:  2022-08-28

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