新型同步开关磁阻电机性能分析与结构优化

冬雷; 冉茂莹; 邵立伟; 高孟祺; 于坤洋

doi:10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2021.172

新型同步开关磁阻电机性能分析与结构优化

doi: 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2021.172

冬雷^1,,
冉茂莹¹,
邵立伟^{1, 3},
高孟祺¹,
于坤洋²

1.
北京理工大学自动化学院，北京　100081
2.
93126部队，北京　100086
3.
中山市北京理工大学研究院，广东，中山　528437

详细信息

作者简介:
冬雷（1967—），男，副教授，E-mail: Correspondent_dong@163.com

中图分类号: TP211
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- 文章访问数: 70
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-21
- 录用日期: 2021-06-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-17

Performance Analysis and Structure Optimization of Synchronous Switched Reluctance Motor

1.
School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Unit 93126, Beijing 100081, China
3.
Zhongshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528437, China

摘要

摘要: 为解决同步磁阻电机转子结构复杂、机械强度差、难以应用于高速领域的缺点，提出了一种新型同步开关磁阻电机（synchronous switched reluctance motor，SSRM）. 该电机结合了开关磁阻电机与同步磁阻电机的优势，电机转子冲片制作工艺简单、可靠性强、适用于高速领域，电机的凸极率高，转矩输出能力强. 在对新型SSRM电磁设计的基础上利用正交法对该电机参数进行优化，选取转矩均值、转矩脉动以及电机效率作为优化性能指标. 通过有限元仿真和实验验证了优化后的SSRM具有转矩脉动低、效率高的特性.
- 同步开关磁阻电机 /
- 转子优化设计 /
- 正交法优化
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of complex rotor structure, deficient mechanical strength, and difficulty in high-speed applications of synchronous reluctance motor, a new type of synchronous switched reluctance motor (SSRM) was proposed. Taking the both advantages of switched reluctance motor and a synchronous reluctance motor, the new motor rotor was designed with several excellences including simple manufacturing process for punching sheet, strong reliability, suitable for high-speed fields, high salient pole rate and strong torque output capability. Based on the electromagnetic design of the new SSRM, the parameters of the motor were optimized by the orthogonal method, taking the average torque, torque ripple and motor efficiency as the optimized performance indicators. The finite element simulation and experiment results show that the optimized SSRM possesses the characteristics of low torque ripple and high efficiency.
- synchronous switched reluctance motor(SSRM) /
- rotor optimization design /
- orthogonal method optimization

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图 1 同步开关磁阻电机转子结构

Figure 1. Rotor structure of synchronous switched reluctance motor

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图 2 SSRM和SynRM电感变化

Figure 2. SSRM and SynRM inductance change

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图 3 SSRM和SynRM凸极比

Figure 3. Salient pole ratio of SSRM and SynRM

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图 4 待优化电机结构

Figure 4. Rotor optimization parameters

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图 5 气隙磁密谐波分析

Figure 5. Harmonic analysis of air gap magnetic density

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图 6 转矩特性随转子不均匀度变化曲线

Figure 6. Variation curve of torque characteristic with rotor unevenness

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图 7 SSRM负载磁密图

Figure 7. SSRM load magnetic density map

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图 8 SSRM磁力线分布图

Figure 8. SSRM magnetic field line distribution map

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图 9 优化前后SSRM转矩性能仿真曲线

Figure 9. Simulation curve of SSRM torque performance before and after optimization

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图 10 SSRM控制实验

Figure 10. SSRM control experiment

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图 11 SSRM转速实验波形

Figure 11. SSRM speed experiment waveform

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图 12 SSRM三相电流实验波形

Figure 12. SSRM three-phase current experimental waveform

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表 1 同步开关磁阻电机样机参数

Table 1. The parameters of prototype synchronous switch reluctance motor AC machine

参数	数值
定子外径D₁/mm	155
定子内径D₂/mm	98
转子外径D_a/mm	97.4
转子轭厚h_cr/mm	18
转子极宽b_pr/mm	30
第一气隙g /mm	0.3
轴径/mm	27
最大不均匀度g_max /mm	0

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表 2 L₁₆(4³)正交表

Table 2. L₁₆(4³) orthogonal table

试验次数	b_pr	h_cr	g	g_max	转矩均值/（N·m）	转矩脉动/%	电机效率/%
1	1	1	1	1	15.0219	71.66	95.0883
2	1	2	2	2	13.4793	30.92	94.8499
3	1	3	3	3	12.2578	23.29	94.5553
4	1	4	4	4	11.2566	16.99	94.2383
5	2	1	2	3	12.6935	21.32	94.6550
6	2	2	1	4	12.3114	23.75	94.5162
7	2	3	4	1	14.0009	61.98	94.9403
8	2	4	3	2	13.1693	29.89	94.7878
9	3	1	3	4	11.7981	18.00	94.4058
10	3	2	4	3	12.0984	17.80	94.5237
11	3	3	1	2	13.9225	30.27	94.9143
12	3	4	2	1	14.7308	70.87	95.0358
13	4	1	4	2	12.9710	25.57	94.7414
14	4	2	3	1	14.4085	67.00	94.9865
15	4	3	2	4	12.1718	19.89	94.4891
16	4	4	1	3	13.0990	18.40	94.7232

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表 3 SSRM优化参数以及水平值选取

Table 3. SSRM optimization parameters and level value selection

参数	水平值
参数	1	2	3	4
转子极宽b_pr/mm	29.4	30	30.6	31.2
转子轭厚h_cr/mm	17	18	19	20
最小第一气隙g/mm	0.2	0.25	0.3	0.35
最大不均匀度g_max/mm	0.32	0.99	1.66	2.33

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表 4 均值分析

Table 4. Analysis of means

优化参数	水平值	转矩均值/（N·m）	转矩脉动/%	电机效率值/%

转子极宽b_pr/mm	1	13.002	35.775	95.0883
	2	13.045	34.260	94.8499
	3	13.140	34.125	94.5553
	4	13.162	32.618	94.2383

转子轭厚h_cr/mm	1	13.120	34.133	94.6550
	2	13.074	34.833	94.5162
	3	13.090	33.858	94.9403
	4	13.064	33.955	94.7878

第一气隙g/mm	1	13.587	35.893	94.4058
	2	13.269	35.725	94.5237
	3	12.909	34.525	94.9143
	4	12.583	30.635	95.0358

最大不均匀度g_max/mm	1	14.539	67.963	94.7414
	2	13.388	29.033	94.9865
	3	12.537	20.100	94.4891
	4	11.884	19.683	94.7232

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表 5 转矩均值方差分析

Table 5. Torque mean variance analysis

参数	转矩均值方差	权重
转子极宽b_pr/mm	0.00433	0.38178
转子轭厚h_cr/mm	0.00045	0.03946
第一气隙g/mm	0.14214	12.54076
最大不均匀度g_max/mm	0.98648	87.038
总计	1.13339	100

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表 6 转矩脉动方差分析

Table 6. Torque ripple variance analysis

参数	转矩脉动方差	权重
转子极宽b_pr/mm	1.24851	0.31217
转子轭厚h_cr/mm	0.14545	0.03637
第一气隙g/mm	4.50123	1.12548
最大不均匀度g_max/mm	394.04429	98.52598
总计	399.93947	100

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表 7 电机效率方差分析

Table 7. Motor efficiency variance analysis

参数	效率值方差	权重
转子极宽b_pr/mm	0.00039	0.68285
转子轭厚h_cr/mm	0.00013	0.22803
第一气隙g/mm	0.00568	10.01359
最大不均匀度g_max/mm	0.05053	89.07553
总计	0.05673	100

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表 8 优化前后电机性能指标对比

Table 8. Comparison of motor performance indicators before and after optimization

对比项	转矩均值/(N·m)	转矩脉动/%	效率/%
优化前	15.2484	100.09	94.6235
优化后	13.0286	16.55	94.8571

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参考文献(13)

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