一种具有低串扰低非线性的双沟槽环绕型十三芯五模光纤

李增辉; 李曙光; 李建设; 王璐瑶; 王晓凯; 王彦; 龚琳; 程同蕾

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20201825

一种具有低串扰低非线性的双沟槽环绕型十三芯五模光纤

doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201825

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail: shuguangli@ysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: 42.81.-i, 42.79.Sz, 47.11.Fg
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-02
- 修回日期: 2020-12-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-27
- 发布日期: 2021-05-27

Double-trench assisted thirteen-core five-mode fibers with low crosstalk and low non-linearity

More Information

Corresponding author: Li Shu-Guang, E-mail: shuguangli@ysu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 信息化对高速大容量光纤网络的需求日益强烈, 空分/模分复用是继波分复用之后可使通信容量翻倍的新一代光纤通信技术. 本文提出了一种双沟槽环绕型十三芯五模光纤, 以满足未来对高速大容量信息传输的需求. 针对空分-模分复用中降低串扰的目标设计优化光纤, 采用双沟槽环绕结构, 将光能量更好地限制在纤芯内, 从而减小芯间和模间串扰. 利用全矢量有限元法与功率耦合理论相结合计算并分析多芯光纤的串扰和传输特性. 经过优化结构参数, 可使光纤在1.3—1.7 μm波段内稳定传输LP₀₁, LP₁₁, LP₂₁, LP₀₂, 和LP₃₁ 5个模式; 信号在1.55 μm波长处传输60 km时, 对应于以上5个模式相邻纤芯的芯间串扰分别为–122.37, –114.76, –106.28, –100.68, –92.81 dB, 相邻模式之间的有效折射率差大于1.026 × 10^–3, 芯间和模间串扰可以被有效抑制; 5个模式对应的非线性系数分别为0.74, 0.82, 0.88, 1.26, 0.93 W^–1·km^–1, 均可保持低非线性传输. 该光纤结构简单紧凑, 可利用气相沉积法和堆叠法制备预制棒, 进一步拉制成具有低串扰低非线性的十三芯五模光纤, 可应用于长距离高速大容量光纤传输系统.
- 空分-模分复用 /
- 双沟槽 /
- 低串扰 /
- 低非线性系数
Abstract: Information technology has an increasingly strong demand for high-speed and large-capacity optical fiber networks. Space division multiplex(SDM) is a new generation of optical fiber communication technology which can be several times in communication capacity higher than the wavelength division multiplexing systems. In this paper, we present a kind of 13-core 5-mode fiber with double trench structure to meet the demand for high-speed and large-capacity information transmission in the future. In order to solve the crosstalk problem in SDM, a double-trench structure is adopted to better limit the light energy in the fiber core, thus reducing the crosstalk between cores and modes. The crosstalk and transmission characteristics of multi-core fiber are calculated and analyzed by the full vector finite element method and coupled power theory. After the optimization of structural parameters, the fiber can stably transmit LP₀₁, LP₁₁, LP₂₁, LP₀₂ and LP₃₁ in the band of 1.3–1.7 μm; when the signal is transmitted at the 1.55 μm for 60 km, the inter-core crosstalks corresponding to the adjacent fiber cores in the above five modes are –122.37 dB, –114.76 dB, –106.28 dB, –100.68 dB and –92.813 dB, respectively; the effective refractive index difference between adjacent modes is greater than 1.026 × 10^–3; inter-core and inter-mode crosstalk can be effectively suppressed. The corresponding non-linear coefficients of the 5-modes are 0.74 W^–1·km^–1, 0.82 W^–1·km^–1, 0.88 W^–1·km^–1, 1.26 W^–1·km^–1, 0.93 W^–1·km^–1, which can maintain low non-linear transmission. The structure of fiber is simple and compact, and the preform can be fabricated by vapor deposition method and stack method, then the 13-core five-mode fiber with low crosstalk and low nonlinear can be further drawn, which can be used in a long distance high-speed and large-capacity fiber transmission system.
- space division multiplex /
- a double-trench /
- low-crosstalk /
- low non-linearity

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图 1 双沟槽环绕型十三芯五模光纤结构

Figure 1. Schematic structure of a double-trench assisted 13-core 5-LP mode fiber.

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图 2 相邻纤芯折射率分布

Figure 2. Refractive index profile of adjacent fiber-core.

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图 3 具有横向随机波动的两相邻纤芯之间的串扰

Figure 3. Crosstalk between two adjacent cores with random fluctuation along longitudinal direction.

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图 4 无/单/双沟槽结构中LP₀₁模式的芯间串扰对比

Figure 4. No/single/double trench structure crosstalk contrast of LP₀₁ mode.

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图 5 Δ₂ = –0.01时芯间串扰与沟槽宽度的关系

Figure 5. Relation between crosstalk and trench width at Δ₂ = –0.01.

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图 6 c₁, c₂ = 4 μm时串扰和Δ₂的关系

Figure 6. Relation between crosstalk and Δ₂ at c₁, c₂ = 4 μm.

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图 7 在∆₁ = 0.015, 波长1.55 μm处5个模式的串扰、A_eff和Δn_eff与芯区大小的关系 (a)芯区大小和串扰的关系; (b)芯区大小和A_eff的关系; (c)芯区大小和模式折射率差的关系

Figure 7. The relationship between crosstalk, A_eff, Δn_eff of five modes and core size at 1.55 μm: (a) The relationship between core size and crosstalk; (b) the relationship between core size and A_eff; (c) the relationship between core size and Δn_eff.

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图 8 在1.55 μm处5个模式的芯间串扰、A_eff和∆n_eff与芯区相对折射率差Δ₁的关系 (a) Δ₁和芯间串扰的关系; (b) Δ₁和A_eff的关系; (c) Δ₁和模式折射率差的关系

Figure 8. . The relationship between crosstalk, A_eff, ∆n_eff of five modes and Δ₁ at 1.55 μm: (a) The relationship between Δ₁ and crosstalk; (b) The relationship between Δ₁ and A_eff; (c) The relationship between Δ₁ and ∆n_eff.

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图 9 5-LP横向模式剖面

Figure 9. Transverse mode profile for 5-LP modes.

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图 10 双沟槽十三芯五模光纤芯间串扰与波长关系

Figure 10. Relation between wavelength and core-to-core crosstalk for the double-trench assisted 13-core 5-LP mode fiber.

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图 11 5个LP模式之间的∆n_eff和MDGD与波长的关系　(a) ∆n_eff与波长的关系; (b)相邻模式之间差分群时延与波长的关系

Figure 11. The relationship between ∆n_eff, MDGD of five modes and wavelength: (a) The relationship between ∆n_eff and wavelength; (b) the relationship between ∆n_eff and wavelength.

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图 12 5个LP模式的有效模面积A_eff和非线性系数γ与波长的关系　(a) 有效模面积A_eff与波长的关系; (b)非线性系数γ与波长的关系

Figure 12. The relationship between A_eff, γ of five modes and wavelength: (a) The relationship between A_eff and wavelength; (b) the relationship between γ and wavelength.

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图 13 5-LP的色散与波长的关系

Figure 13. Relation between dispersion and wavelength for 5-LP modes.

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表 1 光纤初始参数

Table 1. The initial fiber parameters

a/μm	b₁/μm	b₂/μm	c₁/μm	c₂/μm	Λ/μm	R/μm	Δ₁	Δ₂
6	2	2	5	4	42	100	0.017	–0.01

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表 2 光纤优化参数

Table 2. The optimal fiber performance.

a/μm	b₁/μm	b₂/μm	c₁/μm	c₂/μm	Λ/μm	R/μm	Δ₁	Δ₂
8	2	2	4	4	42	100	0.015	–0.008

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表 3 5个LP模式的串扰、有效模面积和MDGD(LP_mn–LP₀₁)

Table 3. Estimated values of crosstalk, effective area and MDGD(LP_mn–LP₀₁) for 5-LP modes at 1.55 μm.

Modes	Crosstalk/ (dB/60 km)	A_eff /μm²	MDGD/ (ps·m^–1)
LP₀₁	–122.37	147	0
LP₁₁	–114.76	134	5.855
LP₂₁	–106.28	125	13.452
LP₀₂	–100.68	87	15.799
LP₃₁	–92.81	118	22.314

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