高精度双斜坡辅助式混沌布里渊光纤动态应变传感

王亚辉; 赵乐; 胡鑫鑫; 郭阳; 张建忠; 乔丽君; 王涛; 高少华; 张明江

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20201892

高精度双斜坡辅助式混沌布里渊光纤动态应变传感

doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201892

王亚辉^{1, 2},
赵乐¹,
胡鑫鑫¹,
郭阳¹,
张建忠^{1, 2},
乔丽君¹,
王涛¹,
高少华²,
张明江^{1, 2, ,}

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail: zhangmingjiang@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: 07.07.Df, 42.65.Es, 42.79.-e, 42.81.Pa
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-11
- 修回日期: 2020-12-05
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-27
- 发布日期: 2021-05-27

High-accuracy dual-slope-assisted chaotic Brillouin fiber dynamic strain measurement

More Information

Corresponding author: Zhang Ming-Jiang, E-mail: zhangmingjiang@tyut.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 近年来, 基于受激布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感技术已广泛应用于土木结构健康监测、灾害预警、国防安全等诸多领域, 振动等动态参量的实时传感和精准检测已成为备受瞩目的研究热点. 本文提出一种基于增益开关调制和双斜坡辅助的混沌布里渊光相关域分析传感技术, 实现高精度、大范围动态应变监测. 首先, 理论分析了单斜坡辅助系统中混沌激光固有的时延特征和功率随机波动特性对测量精度的影响和限制; 然后, 利用增益开关调制产生48.6 dB的高消光比脉冲, 使得混沌信号时延旁瓣和非零基底诱发的噪声场被大幅抑制, 仿真结果表明声波场信噪比提升3.31 dB, 实验测得混沌布里渊增益谱信号背景噪声比提升1倍, 动态应变测量精度由 ± 40.2 με提高至 ± 23.1 με; 最后, 利用双斜坡辅助技术, 消除混沌激光固有功率波动的影响, 动态应变测量精度进一步提升至 ± 8.1 με, 系统稳定性良好, 且动态范围仍保持800 με, 为现代传感网络的高精度、大范围动态应变监测提供了一种新的解决方案.
- 混沌激光 /
- 动态应变传感 /
- 斜坡辅助 /
- 布里渊光相关域分析
Abstract: Nowadays, distributed dynamic sensing technology based on stimulated Brillouin scattering has been widely employed in civil structure health monitoring, disaster warning, national defense, etc. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis based-on gain-switch modulation and dual-slope assisted method for achieving high-accuracy large-range dynamic strain measurement. In single-slope assisted chaotic Brillouin sensing, the measurement accuracy of dynamic strain is deteriorated by the inherent characteristics of time delay signature and power stochastic fluctuations. First, the mechanism behind the acoustic field deterioration and principle of background noise suppression are analyzed theoretically. Then, the chaotic continuous pump light is modulated into pulsed light with a higher extinct ratio of 48.6 dB, where the electro-optical modulator is replaced by a gain switch. And thus, the noise peaks, induced by the secondary peaks and irregular basal oscillations of chaotic auto-correlation curve, are greatly restrained. Comparing with the electro-optical modulator-based system, the signal-to-noise ratio of stimulated Brillouin acoustic field is increased by 3.31 dB in simulation and the signal-to-background ratio of Brillouin gain spectrum is doubled in experiment. Consequently, the measurement accuracy of dynamic strain is improved from ± 40.2 με to ± 23.1 με and the relative error decreases from ± 5.0% to ± 2.9% in single-slope assisted system based-on gain switch modulation. In addition, a dual-slope assisted method is inspired to eliminate the detrimental effect caused by the intrinsic power fluctuations of chaotic laser. A verification experiment is pre-conducted that the dynamic strain could be correctly interrogated although a wide range pump power variation has been manually applied. The measurement accuracy is ultimately enhanced to ± 8.1 με and the relative error is ± 1% correspondingly, implying a higher stability. The dynamic range of this proposed system is retained at 800 με, which is approximately 5 times as large as the dynamic range of the traditional dual-slope assisted configurations. The 4-cm spatial resolution along 30-m FUT is also investigated and consistent with the result obtained previously. A larger measurement range and a higher vibration frequency would be further explored by using the multi-slope assisted method and piezoelectric ceramic oscillator respectively. The superior slope-assisted chaotic Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis will provide a new solution for the accurate positioning and real-time monitoring of dynamic parameters in modern industry.
- chaotic laser /
- dynamic strain measurement /
- slope assisted /
- Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis

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图 1 斜坡辅助式混沌布里渊光相关域分析动态应变传感技术实验装置图. 插图A为相同输出功率下混沌激光器与分布式反馈半导体激光器的输出信号时序, 插图B为混沌激光自相关曲线和多阶相关峰示意图, 插图C为连续混沌激光被调制为脉冲混沌激光

Figure 1. Experimental setup of SA-CBOCDA for dynamic strain sensing. Inset A, the time series of chaotic laser and that of DFB-LD under the same output power. Inset B, the autocorrelation curve of chaotic laser and the schematic diagram of multiple order correlation peaks. Inset C, the continuous chaotic laser being amplitude-modulated into pulse chaos.

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图 2 不同调制方式及作用效果　(a)不同调制方式下脉冲混沌光时序及消光比; (b)不同调制方式下仿真的混沌受激布里渊声波场强度及信噪比

Figure 2. Different modulation methods and the corresponding effects: (a) The time series of pulse chaos and ERs of these under different modulation modes; (b) simulation results of chaotic SBS acoustic field amplitude and the corresponding SNR.

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图 3 不同调制方式下的归一化混沌布里渊增益谱及其信号背景噪声比; 插图为测得的原始布里渊增益谱

Figure 3. Normalized chaotic BGSs and SBR analysis of these, under different modulation modes. Inset view: the measured original BGSs, corresponding to the main view.

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图 4 不同调制方式下的动态应变测量结果　(a) EOM调制系统动态应变测量时序及正弦拟合曲线; (b) GS调制系统动态应变测量时序及正弦拟合曲线; (c)两种调制方式下的动态应变测量误差, 插图为单次测量典型结果; (d)两种调制方式下的动态应变频率

Figure 4. The results of dynamic strain measurement under different modulation modes: (a) Time series and sine fitting curve of dynamic strain in EOM modulation system; (b) time series and sine fitting curve of dynamic strain in GS modulation system; (c) measurement error of dynamic strain under two modulation modes, inset view is the typical result of a single measurement; (d) vibration frequency under two modulation modes.

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图 5 双斜坡辅助技术原理示意图　(a)布里渊增益比的理论分析; (b)布里渊增益比实验标定的理论模型

Figure 5. Principle of DSA method: (a) theoretical analysis of ${R_{\rm{B}}}$ ; (b) theoretical model for experimentally calibrating ${R_{\rm{B}}}$ .

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图 6 双斜坡辅助系统的增益比-应变转换系数　(a)不同大小准静态应变对应的增益比曲线; (b)根据线性拟合曲线计算的转换系数

Figure 6. Estimate of the conversion coefficient, ${C_{\rm{s}}}$ , between the strain value and ${R_{\rm{B}}}$ in DSA system: (a) The ${R_{\rm{B}}}$ curves under different quasi-static strain; (b) final coefficient calculated from the linear fitted curve.

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图 7 双斜坡辅助技术消除泵浦功率波动影响的验证实验　(a)手动施加泵浦光功率波动时利用单斜坡辅助技术测得的动态应变响应时序; (b)双斜坡辅助技术解调的动态应变大小

Figure 7. The verification experiment of pump-power-independent measurement by using DSA method: (a) Measured Brillouin amplitude using SSA method when a dynamic strain is applied with a manual change of pump power; (b) measured dynamic strain using DSA method.

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图 8 施加0−800 με时的双斜坡辅助系统动态应变测量结果　(a)动态应变测量时序及正弦拟合曲线; (b)动态应变测量误差, 插图为单次测量典型结果; (c)动态应变振动频率

Figure 8. Measurement results of DSA system when a dynamic strain of 0−800 με is applied: (a) Measured time trace and sine-fitted curve; (b) measurement error, inset view is the typical result of a single measurement; (c) vibration frequency.

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