Research Progress on Regulation of Bacterial Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis by Cyclic Diguanylate
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摘要: 细菌胞外多糖（Exopolysaccharide，EPS）是细菌生长代谢过程中自身合成并分泌到细胞壁外的一种次级代谢产物，可以调节细胞对不同基质的初始附着，保护细胞抗环境胁迫和脱水。作为潜在的益生元，EPS具有安全，无毒和特殊的理化性质，广泛应用在食品、医药、生物和工业等领域。然而，细菌代谢系统复杂，EPS的生物合成机制仍未得到全面解析。环二鸟苷酸（Cyclic diguanylate，c-di-GMP）作为一类重要的第二信使，在细菌的生物被膜形成、运动性、黏附、毒力以及EPS合成等众多生理活动上发挥重要的调控作用。c-di-GMP转录调控机制的解析，为探明细菌EPS的生物合成机理提供了全新的思路。本文详细总结了c-di-GMP的特性及合成降解途径，重点综述c-di-GMP在介导细菌EPS生物合成过程中的调控机理。本篇综述为揭示细菌EPS生物合成机理和构效关系的研究提供理论基础。Abstract: Bacterial exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a secondary metabolite that is synthesized and secreted outside the cell wall during bacterial growth and metabolism. It can regulate the initial attachment of cells to different substrates and protect cells against environmental stress and dehydration. As a potential prebiotic, EPS has the characteristics of safety, non-toxicity and unique physical and chemical properties, and is widely used in the fields of food, medicine, biology and industry. However, the bacterial metabolic system is complex, and the biosynthetic mechanism of EPS has not been fully elucidated. Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is an important second messenger, and it plays an important role in the regulation of many physiological activities such as biofilm formation, motility, adhesion, virulence and EPS synthesis. The analysis of the transcriptional regulation mechanism of c-di-GMP provides a new idea for exploring the biosynthesis mechanism of bacterial EPS. This paper summarizes the characteristics and synthetic degradation pathways of c-di-GMP in detail, and focuses on the regulatory mechanism of c-di-GMP in the process of bacterial EPS biosynthesis. This paper provides a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of bacterial EPS biosynthesis and the structure-activity relationship.
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Key words:
- bacteria /
- exopolysaccharide /
- biosynthesis /
- cyclic diguanylate
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图 1 历年来以c-di-GMP和EPS为关键词的PubMed论文数量
Figure 1. Number of PubMed papers on the keywords of c-di-GMP and EPS over the years
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