Effect of Caragana korshinskii Kom. on Meat Quality of Adipose Tissue, Volatile Fatty Acids and the Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract for Tan Sheep
-
摘要: 为探索日粮中添加柠条影响瘤胃、结肠内微生物生成的挥发性脂肪酸水平，进而调节滩羊肉品质、脂肪组织中主要脂肪酸含量的作用，本研究选取12只四月龄滩羊母羔随机分为两组，NC组饲喂30%精料及70%苜蓿颗粒，CK组为10%柠条替代等量苜蓿。预饲期10 d，正试期60 d。饲喂期结束屠宰时取其背最长肌、股四头肌、皮下脂肪，瘤胃、结肠内容物，利用16S rRNA测序技术、气相色谱-质谱联用技术等对滩羊瘤胃、结肠内菌群、脂肪组织的脂肪酸含量及肌肉理化特性进行测定。结果表明，饲喂柠条可导致滩羊股四头肌的压榨损失有提高的趋势，系水力和熟肉率有所下降；但饱和脂肪酸有降低的趋势，不饱和脂肪酸有提高的趋势；皮下脂肪中的软脂酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）；瘤胃内丁酸和结肠内乙酸的浓度显著降低（P<0.05），结肠内异丁酸和异戊酸等支链脂肪酸水平极显著提高（P<0.01）。斯皮尔曼相关性分析显示，瘤胃内5-7N15菌属和YRC22菌属均与丁酸含量趋向正相关，而结肠内密螺旋体属与乙酸含量趋向正相关，但与异丁酸含量趋向负相关（0.05<P<0.1）；结肠内异丁酸含量与股四头肌的熟肉率、系水力和压榨损失分别呈高度负相关和正相关，乙酸亦与背最长肌pH呈负相关关系。综上，柠条部分替代苜蓿饲喂滩羊，可以提高脂肪组织中不饱和脂肪酸含量，可作为反刍动物的粗饲料加以开发利用。Abstract: To explore the effect of Caragana korshinskii Kom. (CK) on meat quality and the main fatty acids of adipose tissue, which were supposed to be modulated by the level of volatile fatty acids from the microbiota of rumen and colon in sheep, twelve Tan ewe lambs (4-month-old) were randomly divided into two groups, NC was fed with 30% concentrate and 70% alfalfa, while CK with 10% CK instead of equivalent alfalfa. After 10 days of pre-trial and 60 days of feeding trial, the lambs were slaughtered and sampled with M. longissimus dorsi, quadriceps femoris, subcutaneous fat, and the contents of rumen and colon collection. Then the analyzing was carried out aimed to determine the characters of meat physical and chemical properties as usual method, the microbiota of gastrointestinal tract by 16S rRNA sequencing, and fatty acid contents either from subcutaneous adipose tissue or from rumen and colon by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that feeding CK to Tan sheep could tend to increase mill loss, decrease water holding capacity and cooked meat percentage of quadriceps femoris. It also had the tendency effect to decrease saturated fatty acid and increase unsaturated fatty acid content in the meat. Furthermore, feeding CK could decrease the content of palmitic acid in subcutaneous adipose tissue significantly (P<0.05). Besides, the concentrations of butyric acid in rumen and acetic acid in colon decreased significantly (P<0.05), while the levels of branched chain fatty acids such as iso-butyric acid and iso-valeric acid in colon increased significantly (P<0.01). Through correlation analysis by Spearman method, both 5-7N15 and YRC22 in rumen genera tended to positively correlated with butyric acid concentration, while Treponema in colon genera tended to positively correlated with acetic acid content, but negatively correlated with the level of iso-butyric acid (0.05<P<0.1). In colon, iso-butyric acid was high inversely and positively correlated with the cooked meat percentage, water holding capacity and mill loss of quadriceps femoris, and acetic acid was negatively correlated with the pH value of M. longissimus dorsi. In conclusion, feeding CK to Tan sheep with partly instead of alfalfa could improve unsaturated fatty acid contents of adipose tissue, and then it could be developed as ruminant forage for utilization.
-
Key words:
- Caragana korshinskii Kom. /
- microbiota /
- amplicon sequencing /
- fatty acid metabolism /
- Tan sheep
-
图 2 滩羊瘤胃（a）及结肠（b）内VFAs 含量的OPLS-DA得分
Figure 2. OPLS-DA score of ruminal (a) and colonic (b) VFAs contents in Tan sheep
图 3 滩羊瘤胃（a）及结肠（b）内VFAs 含量比较
注：•代表异常值，*代表P<0.05，**代表P<0.01。
Figure 3. Comparison of ruminal (a) and colonic (b) VFAs contents in Tan sheep
图 4 滩羊瘤胃及结肠内VFAs与肉品质相关性分析
Figure 4. Correlation between VFAs in rumen and colon and the meat quality in Tan sheep
图 5 滩羊瘤胃及结肠内VFAs与皮下脂肪中主要脂肪酸相关性分析
Figure 5. Correlation between VFAs in rumen and colon and the main fatty acids of subcutaneous fat in Tan sheep
图 6 滩羊瘤胃及结肠内VFAs与主要差异菌属相关性分析
Figure 6. Correlation between VFAs in rumen and colon and the main difference bacterial genera between the two groups of Tan sheep
表 1 柠条对滩羊肉品质的影响
Table 1. Effects of Caragana korshinskii Kom. on the meat quality of Tan sheep
指标 背最长肌 股四头肌 对照组（NC组） 实验组（CK组） P值 对照组（NC组） 实验组（CK组） P值 亮度（L*） 40.11±1.94 39.80±1.42 0.78 42.42±1.71 42.35±2.03 0.96 红度（a*） 20.56±1.09 21.19±1.30 0.44 23.69±0.94 23.56±1.05 0.84 黄度（b*） 7.47±0.82 7.71±1.29 0.73 10.04±0.83 10.16±0.97 0.85 压榨损失（%） 32.96±2.02 34.28±2.81 0.42 25.90±2.43 29.51±2.99 0.07 系水力（%） 55.55±2.65 54.20±3.89 0.54 66.11±3.16 61.53±3.86 0.07 滴水损失（%） 1.09±0.11 1.12±0.30 0.84 0.78±0.21 0.93±0.14 0.22 含水量（%） 74.16±0.60 74.87±0.45 0.07 76.42±0.33 76.70±0.44 0.29 剪切力（N） 52.84±15.33 46.48±19.03 0.58 55.06±5.77 56.26±13.38 0.86 熟肉率（%） 86.25±1.63 84.31±1.98 0.13 84.76±0.98 80.70±2.80 0.02 肌内脂肪（%） 3.67±1.06 3.73±0.91 0.93 2.87±0.43 3.19±0.94 0.51 pH 5.73±0.04 5.78±0.07 0.20 5.84±0.03 5.91±0.06 0.03 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 柠条对滩羊皮下脂肪中脂肪酸含量的影响
Table 2. Effects of Caragana korshinskii Kom. on fatty acid content of subcutaneous fat in Tan sheep
指标 对照组（NC组） 实验组（CK组） P值 饱和脂肪酸（%） 61.07±2.09 58.46±2.07 0.08 不饱和脂肪酸（%） 37.95±2.25 40.50±2.01 0.09 硬脂酸C18:0（%） 22.54±0.82 22.11±1.87 0.65 软脂酸C16:0（%） 27.80±1.28 25.14±1.23 0.01 油酸C18:1（%） 33.54±1.98 35.66±2.36 0.16 亚油酸C18:2（%） 2.59±0.74 3.09±0.66 0.29 棕榈油酸C16:1（%） 1.55±0.09 1.44±0.30 0.46
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 袁圣钧. 基于国际视角的中国肉羊产业发展现状分析及肉羊企业发展策略研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2020YUAN S J. Based on the international perspective of investigation on the status of mutton industry in China and its future development strategy[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2020. [2] FU X, SHAO M A, WEI X, et al. Effects of two perennials, fallow and millet on distribution of phosphorous in soil and biomass on Sloping Loess Land, China[J]. Catena,2009,77(3):200−206. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2008.12.017 [3] FU X, SHAO M, WEI X, et al. Effects of monovegetation restoration types on soil water distribution and balance on a hillslope in Northern Loess Plateau of China[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2013,18(4):413−421. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000628 [4] ZHONG C, SUN Z, ZHOU Z, et al. Chemical characterization and nutritional analysis of protein isolates from Caragana korshinskii Kom[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2014,62(14):3217−3222. doi: 10.1021/jf500349s [5] XU X C, LIU T D, FAN S S, et al. Effects of fermented Caragana korshinskii on the intramuscular fat content and expression of FABP3, UBE3C, ADRB3, LIPE, and SCD in different muscles of Tan sheep[J]. Czech Journal of Animal Science,2020,65(4):145−152. doi: 10.17221/231/2019-CJAS [6] 王丁. 柠条饲料化开发利用试验研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2007WANG D. Study on the exploitation and utilization of peashrub feed stuff[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2007. [7] WANG X, HUANG X, ZHANG Z, et al. Effect of Caragana korshinskii Kom. as a partial substitution for sheep forage on intake, digestibility, growth, carcass features, and the rumen bacterial community[J]. Tropical Animal Health and Production,2022,54(3):190. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03186-8 [8] PLEASANTS A B, THOMPSON J M, PETHICK D W. A model relating a function of tenderness, juiciness, flavour and overall liking to the eating quality of sheep meat[J]. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2005,45(5):483−489. doi: 10.1071/EA04106 [9] ERKKILÄ A, de MELLO V D, RISÉRUS U, et al. Dietary fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: An epidemiological approach[J]. Progress in Lipid Research,2008,47(3):172−187. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2008.01.004 [10] KUHNT K, DEGEN C, JAHREIS G. Evaluation of the impact of ruminant trans fatty acids on human health: Important aspects to consider[J]. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2016,56(12):1964−1980. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2013.808605 [11] BRZOZOWSKA A M, OPRZADEK J. Metabolism of fatty acids in tissues and organs of the ruminants-A review[J]. Animal Science Papers and Reports,2016,34(3):211−219. [12] 周敏, 汪凯歌, 张濂, 等. 微生物-肠-肌轴调节骨骼肌代谢和功能的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报,2022,53(9):1−13. [ZHOU M, WANG K G, ZHANG L, et al. Advances in microbiota-gut-muscle axis regulating skeletal muscle metabolism and function[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2022,53(9):1−13. doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.01.001 [13] 张志超, 王小琪, 包琦, 等. 澳洲白羊与小尾寒羊杂交F1代背最长肌肉品质与皮下脂肪组织膻味物质分析[J]. 食品工业科技,2021,42(14):272−277. [ZHANG Z C, WANG X Q, BAO Q, et al. Analysis of the longissimus dorsi meat quality and the content of mutton flavor substances of F1 hybrid sheep between Australian white sheep and native small-tail han sheep[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry,2021,42(14):272−277. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020100127 [14] ZHANG S, WANG H, ZHU M J. A sensitive GC/MS detection method for analyzing microbial metabolites short chain fatty acids in fecal and serum samples[J]. Talanta,2019,196(2):49−54. [15] 马宁, 许迟, 李涛, 等. 颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标、瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学,2021,42(3):14−20, 38. [MA N, XU C, LI T, et al. Effects of adding Caragana korshinskii in pelleted diet on growth performance, blood biochemical indicators, ruminal fermentation and mutton quality of Tan sheep[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,2021,42(3):14−20, 38. doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2021.03.003 [16] ZHANG K, QIAN Q, MAO Y, et al. Characterization of growth phenotypes and gastrointestinal tract microbiota in sheep fed with caragana[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2021,131(6):2763−2779. doi: 10.1111/jam.15138 [17] 毛云睿. 饲草类型对滩羊生长性能、肉品质及胃肠道微生物区系的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2021MAO Y R. Effects of forage types on growth performance, meat quality and gastrointestinal microbiota in Tan sheep[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2021. [18] 张粟子. 柠条水提物对寒冷环境中绵羊生长、抗氧化及抗炎性能的影响[D]. 合肥: 安徽农业大学, 2021ZHANG S Z. Effects of aqueous extract of Caragana korshinskii on growth, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of sheep in cold environment[D]. Hefei: Anhui Agricultural University, 2021. [19] 丁鑫. 不同栗木单宁水平日粮对湖羊公羔生产性能和肉品质的影响[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2019DING X. Effects of different chestnut tannin levels on the production performance and meat quality of Hu lambs[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2019. [20] WOOD J D, ENSER M, FISHER A V, et al. Fat deposition, fatty acid composition and meat quality: A review[J]. Meat Science,2008,78(4):343−358. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.07.019 [21] NTAMBI J M, MIYAZAKI M. Regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturases and role in metabolism[J]. Progress in Lipid Research,2004,43(2):91−104. doi: 10.1016/S0163-7827(03)00039-0 [22] AGUSTINHO B C, ZEOULA L M, SANTOS N W, et al. Effects of flaxseed oil and vitamin E supplementation on digestibility and milk fatty composition and antioxidant capacity in water Buffaloes[J]. Animals,2020,10(8):1294. doi: 10.3390/ani10081294 [23] CIMMINO R, BARONE C M A, CLAPS S, et al. Effects of dietary supplementation with polyphenols on meat quality in Saanen goat kids[J]. BMC Veterinary Research,2018,14(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1513-1 [24] GESTEIRA S M, OLIVEIRA R L, SILVA T M, et al. Physicochemical quality, fatty acid composition, and sensory analysis of Nellore Steers meat fed with inclusion of condensed tannin in the diet[J]. Journal of Food Science,2018,83(5):1366−1372. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.14136 [25] BIONAZ M, VARGAS-BELLO-PÉREZ E, BUSATO S. Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: From gut to cells and effects on performance[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2020,11(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s40104-020-00512-8 [26] DALILE B, VAN OUDENHOVE L, VERVLIET B, et al. The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota-gut-brain communication[J]. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology,2019,16(8):461−478. [27] 葛翠翠, 梁戈, 李昊, 等. 玉米秸秆、柠条及葵花盘在滩羊瘤胃体外的消化及发酵性能[J]. 草业科学,2018,35(8):2009−2015. [GE C C, LIANG G, LI H, et al. Digestion and fermentation performance of corn straw, Caragana korshinskii, and sunflower calathide in Tan sheep in vitro[J]. Pratacultural Science,2018,35(8):2009−2015. doi: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2018-0596 [28] PITT R E, CROSS T L, PELL A N, et al. Use of in vitro gas production models in ruminal kinetics[J]. Mathematical Biosciences,1999,159(2):145−163. doi: 10.1016/S0025-5564(99)00020-6 [29] CHIVA-BLANCH G, VISIOLI F. Polyphenols and health: Moving beyond antioxidants[J]. Journal of Berry Research,2012,2(2):63−71. doi: 10.3233/JBR-2012-028 [30] JIAO A, DIAO H, YU B, et al. Infusion of short chain fatty acids in the ileum improves the carcass traits, meat quality and lipid metabolism of growing pigs[J]. Animal Nutrition,2021,7(1):94−100. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.05.009 [31] ZHANG W H, GAO F, ZHU Q F, et al. Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and improves meat quality in broiler chickens[J]. Poultry Science,2011,90(11):2592−2599. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01446 [32] HAAKE D A, YANG X F. In Encyclopedia of microbiology[M]. 4th.: Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2019: 283-298. [33] GAOWA N, PANKE-BUISSE K, WANG S, et al. Brisket disease is associated with lower volatile fatty acid production and altered rumen microbiome in Holstein Heifers[J]. Animals,2020,10(9):1712. doi: 10.3390/ani10091712 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(7) / 表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 31
- HTML全文浏览量: 35
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
京公网安备 11010502036328号 京ICP备17033152号