Management Research on Canadian Food Claim and Natural Health Product Claim and Inspiration
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摘要: 真实、科学的食品健康声称是保护消费者安全保障权、知情权以及选择权的重要体现，有助于引导消费者合理选择食品，促进膳食营养平衡，也有利于推进健康中国建设，提高国民健康水平。作为最早对食品及天然健康产品健康声称有明确法律规定的国家之一，加拿大在健康声称的分类、使用及管理方面经验丰富。本文梳理了加拿大食品及天然健康产品的定义、健康声称的类型和管理要求，并针对我国食品健康声称的现状得出分级管理保健食品保健功能声称，完善食品及保健食品声称的科学依据，鼓励社会各方参与并科学认知营养声称等启示，旨在为规范我国食品与保健食品的健康声称提供可借鉴素材。Abstract: The authentic and scientific health claim of food is an important embodiment of protecting consumers' right to safety, information, and choice, which helping to guide consumers to make rational food choices and promote a balanced diet, as well as promoting the construction of a healthy China and improving national health. As one of the earliest countries to have clear legal provisions on health claims in food and natural health products, Canada has extensive experience in the classification, use, and management of health claims. This paper combs the definition of food and natural health products, types of health claims and management requirements in Canada, and proposes inspiration for the current situation of health claims of food products in China to get graded management of health function claims of health food products, improve the scientific basis of food and health food claims, and encourage the participation of all parties in society and scientific cognition of nutrition claims, etc., aiming to provide reference materials for the regulation of health claims of food and health food products in China. The aim is to provide reference materials for the regulation of health claims of food and health food in China.
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Key words:
- Canada /
- health claim of food /
- regulatory status /
- suggestion
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表 1 天然健康产品现代健康声称的类型
Table 1. Types of natural health products of modern health claims
声称 分类 定义 举例 健康状态
声称严重疾病/病症声称 需要治疗的疾病/病症或者在没有有效治疗的情况下会使人衰弱或
危及生命的产品重大疾病/病症声称 对无法及时自然解决或具有潜在不良影响的疾病/病症的产品，如果不及时进行适当的治疗或护理，可能会恶化或持续存在 轻微疾病/病症声称 可自然解决或在建议的使用条件下产品的性能低于预期，不会对
消费者构成重大风险健康作用
声称诊断声称 涉及疾病、病症、异常身体状态或其症状的诊断 诊断糖尿病时检测
葡萄糖不耐受治疗声称 涉及治疗或部分治疗和减轻疾病、紊乱或异常的身体状态或其症状 症状缓解声称 治愈声称 描述了一种疗效，可永久地或在相当长的时间内消除疾病、
紊乱或异常的身体状态降低风险声称 可显著改变疾病或健康相关状况的一个或多个主要风险因素，降低风险声称的表述应确保消费者不将其理解为预防声称 预防性声称 预防声称与被证明能显著降低疾病发病率的干预措施有关 一般维护、支持和促进健康的声称 某种药用成分以维护、支持或促进健康的方式对人体结构或生理功能的恢复、纠正或改变的效果 保持健康的牙龈；减少牙龈线上的牙菌斑堆积 抗氧化声称 适用于含有至少一种具有抗氧化特性的药物成分的产品 为保持良好的健康提供
抗氧化剂一般健康
声称"来源/提供/含有"
的声称"来源/提供/含有"的声称是一种事实陈述，用于识别产品中的某种成分或配料
通过识别产品的成分/配料的来源来暗示对健康的益处，且不能是虚假的
或有误导性的纤维的来源；含有消化酶；提供非必需的氨基酸；碳水
化合物的来源基于成分的声称 许多NHPs的药用成分本身就可以支持特定的健康声称，该成分的来源实现了标准化，当产品中所含的该成分达到一定数量便可根据该成分提出更具体的声称 有助于维持视力、皮肤与黏膜和免疫功能 维护良好健康的声称 产品中含有必需的营养素，即可申请“维持良好健康”的声称，这些成分可以是分离的成分或组合的成分 维生素x/矿物质x的来源，以维持良好的健康状况 帮助/支持/维护/促进健康的一般声称 "支持"和"维护"是通常指保持一个稳定的状态，而"促进"通常意味着对状态或条件的改善；低治疗效果声称的限定词“帮助”用于表明产品仅针对或治疗疾病的一个/某些组成部分或预期的健康益处 支持免疫系统；促进肝脏功能；支持认知功能；维护视力；支持葡萄糖代谢。 基于作用机制的概括性声称 当证据中讨论的临床终点/标志物不能清楚地识别或不易理解时，必须用概括声称以供普通消费者理解 有助于降低血液中的
C反应蛋白水平缓解或解决低治疗影响条件的一般声称 适用于解决不太严重的情况（可自我诊断、自我治疗和/或自我解决），可轻松判断产品是否有效，这些声称可以以“帮助”为前缀 缓解眼睛干燥；减少与普通感冒有关的症状 降低低疗效影响风险的一般声称 适用于预防不太严重的病症（可自我诊断、自我治疗和/或自我解决），可轻松判断产品是否有效，这些声称通常以“有助于预防”或“降低风险”为前缀 有助于预防干眼症；
有助于防止瞌睡草药医学 当治疗轻微病症的主要支持来自于特定的医学体系（例如草药学）时，声称应以“用于草药”等范式作为前缀 用在草药中，帮助缓解
胃部不适芳香疗法—精油 芳香疗法是植物医学的一个分支，它使用精油和其他挥发性/芳香植物提取物进行治疗或达到药效。这些类别的产品的一般声称是
“用于芳香疗法”或“芳香疗法产品”仅在与其他治疗方法结合使用时才
有效的声称当为支持声称而提供的临床证据，表明产品仅在与活动或其他成分结合使用时才有效时，声称应反映这些额外的要求 当与适量的钙和维生素D一起使用时，有助于降低患骨质疏松症的风险 
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